Lumbar osteohondrose is a chronic disease that develops as a result of the degenerative-dystrophic process in interviolent discs.The disease is widespread and affects most cases of people aged 25 to 40.
According to statistics in the back, at least once in a lifetime, any other adult experiences, while in 95% of cases due to the osteochondrose of the spine.
Patients with a severe lumbar osteochondrose course, with persistent pain and other manifestations are recognized as temporarily disabled.If their condition is improving within four months, the issue of establishing a group of disability groups has been resolved.
Lumbar osteohondrose is a serious medical and social problem, because the disease mainly affects people of ethnic years, and in addition, in the absence of treatment can cause the intervertebral disk.
Causes and risk factors
Factors predispose for the development of lumbar osteochondrosis are:
- abnormality of spine structure;
- Lumbarization is an innate spine pathology, characterized by separation from the hidden first vertebral and its transformation in the sixth (additional) lumbar;
- Sacrization is an innate pathology in which the fifth lumbar vertebra feeds with the cross;
- Asymmetrical location of articulated cracks of intervertebral compounds;
- Pathological coated spinal channel;
- Reflected spondogenogen pain (somatic and muscles);
- obesity;
- Sedentary lifestyle;
- extended exposure to vibrations;
- systematic physical strain;
- Smoking.
Negative persistinamic loads combined with one or more risk factors lead to changes in the physiological properties of the fibrous disk core, playing a shock -Absorbing role and providing the mobility of the spinal column.The basis of this process is the deposition of polysaccharides, leading to loss of moisture with a jet fabric.As a result, the core jacket, and with it a fibrous disk loses elastic properties.Further mechanical loads causing a fibrous ring protrusion that has lost elasticity.This phenomenon is called protrusion.Cracks appear in the fibrous core, through which the fragments of the jacket core (prolapse, hernia intervertebral disk) is falling out.
The long compression of nervous roots that innervates certain bodies of the abdominal cavity over time to deteriorate in their functioning.
The instability of the spine segment is accompanied by reactive changes in the bodies of neighboring vertebrae, intervincial joints and simultaneous spondyl arthrosis.Significant muscle contraction, for example, body activity, leads to change in spine and violation of nerve roots with the development of radio culinary syndrome.
Osteophytes can be another cause of pain and neurological symptoms with lumbar osteochondrose - the growth of bones on the processes and bodies of vertebrae that causes the syndrome deadlines or the compression of masters).
Forms of disease
Depending on which structures are extracted into the pathological process, lumbar osteochondrose clinically manners the following syndrome:
- Reflex- Lumbalgia, Lumboichachalia, Lumbugo;Develop against the background of reflex overvoltage of muscles per back;
- Compression (spine, vascular, radicula)- Their development leads to compression (compression) of spinal cord, blood vessels or nickels.Examples are lumbosatral radiculitis, radikuloichemia.
Symptoms of lumbar osteochondrose
With lumbar osteochondrose, the symptoms are determined by which structures are drawn into the pathological process.
Lumbago occurs under the influence of hypothermia or physical overvoltage, and sometimes without apparent reason.The pain appears suddenly and shoots.It intensifies when sneezing, cough, the body turns, physical effort, seat, standing, walking.In a false position, pain is significant weakening.Sensitivity and reflexes are preserved, the volume of motion in the lumbar area is reduced.
On palpation, they observe:
- Painfulness in the lumbar area;
- Paravers spasm;
- Straightening lumbar lordosis, which is combined with scoliosis in many cases.
The syndrome of the tension of nerve roots with lumbar is negative.When raising straight legs, patients recorded an increase in pain in the lower back, not their appearance in the elongated lower Udu.
Often, with lumbar osteochondrose, there is a repeated pain attack, which is becoming increasingly intense and long.
With Lumbaria, the clinical picture reminds Lumbag, however, increasing pain intensity occurs within a few days.
In the lumbar - patients complain about the pain in the lower back, which radiates on one or both lower limbs.The pain spreads over the buttocks and the back of the thigh and never reaches legs.
Vasomotor Disorders are characteristic of lumbar -
- changes in temperature and color of the skin of the lower extremities;
- feeling of warmth or cold;
- Violation of blood supply.
The development of poor lumbar compression clinically manifests the following symptoms:
- Dermatomic Gipalgesia;
- Shooting;
- weakening or complete loss of deep reflexes;
- Peripheral paresis.
With compression syndrome, the pain intensifies when leaning the body, sneezing and coughing.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of lumbar osteochondrosis is done based on the clinical picture of diseases, laboratory and instrumental research methods.
In blood tests against lumbar osteochondrose background, it can be noted:
- Reduction of calcium concentration;
- An increase in ESR;
- Increasing alkaline phosphatase levels.
In the diagnosis of lumbar osteochondorosis, radiological inspection of the spine gives great importance.
The long compression of nervous roots that innervates certain bodies of the abdominal cavity over time to deteriorate in their functioning.
The X -Ray functions confirming the diagnosis are:
- Change the configuration of the affected segment;
- Pseudospondylastez (a shift of connected vertebrates);
- Deformation of plate closing;
- Remiving an intervertebral disk;
- Unequal height of the intervertebral disk (symptom of spacer), which is associated with an asymmetric muscle tone.
Also in diagnostics of lumbar osteochondrose in presence are used indicators:
- Myelography, calculated or magnetic rejection of tomography - are needed for persistent symptoms, development of neurological deficiency;
- Scintigraphy (Study of the Phosphorus Bone System, melted technology-99) - was performed in case of suspicion of tumor or contagious process, spine injuries.
Differential diagnosis of lumbar osteochondronje is done with the following diseases:
- spondylolistz;
- Disgegormone spondylopathy;
- Spondyl Ankylosing (Ankilosing Spondel);
- Infectious processes (inflammation of disks, osteomyelitis spine);
- Inclastic processes (primary tumor of the spine or its metastatic lesion);
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- Deformation of osteoarthrosis of the hip joint;
- Reflected pain (diseases of internal organs and large blood vessels).
Treatment of lumbar osteochondrose
With lumbar osteochondrose, the following treatment tactics are usually observed:
- Launch bed 2-3 days;
- Towing the affected segment of the spine;
- Strengthening the muscles of the back and abdominal prestige (creation of such a - cordial corset);
- Influence on pathological miofasci and myotonic processes.
Lumbago occurs under the influence of hypothermia or physical overvoltage, and sometimes without apparent reason.
In most cases, conservative treatment of lumbar osteochondrone, including the following measures:
- Muscle infiltration with local anesthetics solution;
- Taking non-atluit anti -infavatory medications;
- reception of tensitization funds;
- vitamin therapy;
- Reception and antidepressant;
- Hand therapy, massage;
- Physical education of physiotherapy;
- acupuncture;
- Postisometric relaxation.
Absolute indications for surgical treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis are:
- acute or subacute spinal cord compression;
- Development of horse-tail tail syndrome, characterized by a damaged function of bodies of organ, sensitive and motor disorders.
Medical gymnastics for lumbar osteochondrosis
In a complex treatment of lumbar osteochondrose, a significant role belongs to the exercise of physiotherapy.Regular classes enable the normalization of muscle muscle tone, improve the metabolic processes in the tissues affected by the pathological process, and in addition to the formation of a good corset, which can maintain the vertebrae in the correct position, remove the excess static load from it.
In order for gymnastics with lumbar osteochondrosis to bring the highest effect to adhere to the following principles:
- regularity of teaching;
- gradual increase in physical effort intensity;
- Avoiding excessive work during the lesson.
Physical vascles should be managed by an experienced instructor, which will choose the most efficient exercises for a particular patient and control the correctness of their application.
According to statistics in the back, at least once in a lifetime, any other adult experiences, while in 95% of cases due to the osteochondrose of the spine.
In addition to the instructor classes, you should perform a morning gymnastics complex, which includes special exercises with lumbar osteochondrose.
- Relaxation and contractions of abdominal muscles.The starting position stands, the legs are shoulder - spread the shoulder, the hands of the body descend.Do smooth breath, relaxing the fingerbone wall muscles.During the exhale, slide in yourself as much as possible, the print muscle strain.Exercise should be repeated before easy fatigue occurrence.
- Head movement with bending spine.The starting position of the knee, resting on the floor from the back, the back is flat.Slowly raise your head and bend in the back.Keep in this position for a few seconds, then smoothly returns to the original position.Repeat at least 10-12 times.
- "Pendulum".The starting position that lies on the back, hands along the body, the legs are bent at the right angles in the knee and hook joints.Turn your legs to the right and left with the ones with you to withdraw, trying to get the floor.At the same time, the shoulder blades cannot be torn from the floor.
- "Boat".The starting position of lying down on your stomach, hands extend forward.Dispose of the upper body and legs off the floor, bending in the back.Keep in this position for 5-6 seconds and slowly return to the starting position.Perform 10 times.
Possible consequences and complications
The main complications of lumbar osteochondrosis are:
- formation of intervertebral hernia;
- Vegetascular Dystonia;
- spondilolis, spondylography;
- osteophytosis;
- spondylarteness;
- Stanosis of the kinal channel, which leads to compressing the spinal cord and capable of provoking a permanent loss of working ability and reducing the quality of life.
The long compression of nervous roots that innervates certain bodies of the abdominal cavity over time to deteriorate in their functioning.As a result, patients have intestinal dysfunctions (prison, diarrhea, bloating) and pelvic bodies (machinement disorders, erectile dysfunction, frigidity, infertility).
Forecast
Cheese pain for lumbar osteochondrose continues in the form of a receiver and deterioration.Lumbago lasts 10-15 days, after which the patient's condition improves, the pain is overcome.The apartments can be disturbed by secondary diseases.Often, with lumbar osteochondrose, there is a repeated pain attack, which is becoming increasingly intense and long.
In a complex treatment of lumbar osteochondrose, a significant role belongs to the exercise of physiotherapy.
Patients with a severe lumbar osteochondrose course, with persistent pain and other manifestations are recognized as temporarily disabled.If their condition is improving within four months, the issue of establishing a group of disability groups has been resolved.
Prevention
Prevention of the development of osteochondrose spine are the following measures:
- Smoking rejection;
- normalization of body weight;
- Improving the general physical condition, active lifestyle;
- Avoiding provocating conditions (weight lift, sharp movements, swivel prone, preferences).